دانلود مقاله ترجمه شده پتانسیل ارزشگذاری خدمات اکوسیستم مراتع در مراتع عمومی

The spring 2012 issue of the Western Economics Forum (WEF) highlighted issues related to the economic analysis of land management decisions and ecosystem service valuation on public lands. Two papers addressed issues related to the use of the contingent valuation method (CVM) (Little et al. 2012; Loomis 2012) and a third paper discussed the use of a state-andtransition model (STM) framework for valuing ecological change (Taylor and Rollins 2012). It was noted that in the past two decades there has been a shift of the federal land management agencies from multiple uses to ecosystem management and this has brought an increased recognition for the need to value ecosystem services in land management planning efforts (Loomis 2012). As noted by Taylor and Rollins (2012), despite a growing recognition of the need for placing an economic value on the ecosystem services provided from rangelands, there is a perception among scientists and public land decision makers that economic theory and methods are not up to the task of providing accurate, timely and policy-relevant estimates of the economic values associated with ecosystem changes. Taylor and Rollins dismissed this pessimistic view and suggested there are steps that can be taken to counter criticisms about attempting to place an economic value on the ecosystem services provided on both public and private lands. Loomis (2012) similarly dismissed the notion that economists are not up to the task and detailed ways to integrate non-market values into land agency decision making and planning