KEY POINTS
Patients with diabetes are more likely to present with complications of urinary infection, such as abscesses and emphysematous cystitis or pyelonephritis
Renal transplant patients have a high frequency of urinary infection because of multiple risk factors that may predate transplant, are associated with technical aspects of transplant surgery, or follow transplant
There is limited, if any, increased frequency of urinary tract infection directly attributable to HIV infection
Prevention of urinary tract infections in individuals with spinal cord injuries requires appropriate bladder management to maintain a low-pressure bladder, and avoidance of indwelling devices if possible