دانلود مقاله ترجمه شده الفبای فن‌آوری‌ انتقال HVDC

HIGH VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT (HVDC) TECHNOLOGY HAS characteristics that make it especially attractive for certain transmission applications. HVDC transmission is widely recognized as being advantageous for long-distance bulk-power delivery, asynchronous interconnections, and long submarine cable crossings. The number of HVDC projects committed or under consideration globally has increased in recent years reflecting a renewed interest in this mature technology. New converter designs have broadened the potential range of HVDC transmission to include applications for underground, offshore, economic replacement of reliability-must-run generation, and voltage stabilization. This broader range of applications has contributed to the recent growth of HVDC transmission. There are approximately ten new HVDC projects under construction or active consideration in North America along with many more projects underway globally. Figure 1 shows the Danish terminal for Skagerrak’s pole 3, which is rated 440 MW. Figure 2 shows the پ}500-kV HVDC transmission line for the 2,000 MW Intermountain Power Project between Utah and California. This article discusses HVDC technologies, application areas where HVDC is favorable compared to ac transmission system configuration station design, and operating principles